/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.juneau.rest.mock;

import static java.util.Collections.*;
import static org.apache.juneau.Enablement.*;
import static org.apache.juneau.commons.utils.CollectionUtils.*;
import static org.apache.juneau.commons.utils.Utils.*;
import static org.apache.juneau.rest.util.RestUtils.*;

import java.io.*;
import java.lang.annotation.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.function.*;
import java.util.logging.*;
import java.util.zip.*;

import javax.net.ssl.*;

import org.apache.http.*;
import org.apache.http.auth.*;
import org.apache.http.client.*;
import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore;
import org.apache.http.client.config.*;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.*;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.*;
import org.apache.http.config.*;
import org.apache.http.conn.*;
import org.apache.http.conn.routing.*;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.*;
import org.apache.http.conn.util.*;
import org.apache.http.cookie.*;
import org.apache.http.entity.*;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.*;
import org.apache.http.message.*;
import org.apache.http.protocol.*;
import org.apache.juneau.*;
import org.apache.juneau.commons.collections.*;
import org.apache.juneau.commons.function.*;
import org.apache.juneau.commons.reflect.*;
import org.apache.juneau.http.header.ContentType;
import org.apache.juneau.http.remote.*;
import org.apache.juneau.httppart.*;
import org.apache.juneau.marshaller.*;
import org.apache.juneau.parser.*;
import org.apache.juneau.rest.*;
import org.apache.juneau.rest.annotation.*;
import org.apache.juneau.rest.client.*;
import org.apache.juneau.rest.client.RestRequest;
import org.apache.juneau.rest.client.RestResponse;
import org.apache.juneau.rest.logger.*;
import org.apache.juneau.serializer.*;
import org.apache.juneau.uon.*;
import jakarta.servlet.http.*;

/**
 * Mocked {@link RestClient}.
 *
 * <p>
 *    This class is used for performing serverless unit testing of {@link Rest @Rest}-annotated and {@link Remote @Remote}-annotated classes.
 *
 * <p>
 *    The class itself extends from {@link RestClient} providing it with the rich feature set of that API and combines
 *    it with the Apache HttpClient {@link HttpClientConnection} interface for processing requests.
 *  The class converts {@link HttpRequest} objects to instances of {@link MockServletRequest} and {@link MockServletResponse} which are passed directly
 *  to the call handler on the resource class {@link RestContext#execute(Object,HttpServletRequest,HttpServletResponse)}.
 *  In effect, you're fully testing your REST API as if it were running in a live servlet container, yet not
 *  actually having to run in a servlet container.
 *  All aspects of the client and server side code are tested, yet no servlet container is required.  The actual
 *  over-the-wire transmission is the only aspect being bypassed.
 *
 * <p>
 * The following shows a simple example of invoking a PUT method on a simple REST interface and asserting the correct status code and response body:
 *
 * <h5 class='figure'>Example:</h5>
 * <p class='bjava'>
 *    <jk>public class</jk> MockTest {
 *
 *       <jc>// A simple bean with one field.</jc>
 *       <jk>public static class</jk> MyBean {
 *          <jk>public int</jk> <jf>foo</jf> = 1;
 *       }
 *
 *       <jc>// Our REST resource to test.</jc>
 *       <jc>// Simply echos the response.</jc>
 *       <ja>@Rest</ja>(
 *          serializers=Json5Serializer.<jk>class</jk>,
 *          parsers=JsonParser.<jk>class</jk>
 *       )
 *       <jk>public static class</jk> EchoRest {
 *
 *          <ja>@RestPut</ja>(
 *             path=<js>"/echo"</js>
 *          )
 *          <jk>public</jk> MyBean echo(<ja>@Content</ja> MyBean <jv>bean</jv>) {
 *             <jk>return</jk> <jv>bean</jv>;
 *          }
 *       }
 *
 *       <jc>// Our JUnit test.</jc>
 *       <ja>@Test</ja>
 *       <jk>public void</jk> testEcho() <jk>throws</jk> Exception {
 *
 *          MyBean <jv>myBean</jv> = <jk>new</jk> MyBean();
 *
 *          <jc>// Do a round-trip on the bean through the REST interface</jc>
 *          <jv>myBean</jv> = MockRestClient
 *             .<jsm>create</jsm>(EchoRest.<jk>class</jk>)
 *             .json5()
 *             .build()
 *             .put(<js>"/echo"</js>, <jv>myBean</jv>)
 *             .run()
 *             .assertStatus().is(200)
 *             .assertContent().is(<js>"{foo:1}"</js>)
 *             .getContent().as(MyBean.<jk>class</jk>);
 *
 *          <jsm>assertEquals</jsm>(1, <jv>myBean</jv>.<jf>foo</jf>);
 *       }
 *    }
 * </p>
 * <p>
 *    Breaking apart the fluent method call above will help you understand how this works.
 *
 * <p class='bjava'>
 *    <ja>@Test</ja>
 *    <jk>public void</jk> testEcho() <jk>throws</jk> Exception {
 *
 *       <jc>// Instantiate our mock client.</jc>
 *       MockRestClient <jv>client</jv> = MockRestClient
 *          .<jsm>create</jsm>(EchoRest.<jk>class</jk>)
 *          .json5()
 *          .build();
 *
 *       <jc>// Create a request.</jc>
 *       RestRequest <jv>req</jv> = <jv>client</jv>.put(<js>"/echo"</js>, <jv>bean</jv>);
 *
 *       <jc>// Execute it (by calling RestCallHandler.service(...) and then returning the response object).</jc>
 *       RestResponse <jv>res</jv> = <jv>req</jv>.run();
 *
 *       <jc>// Run assertion tests on the results.</jc>
 *       <jv>res</jv>.assertStatus().is(200);
 *       <jv>res</jv>.assertContent().is(<js>"'foo'"</js>);
 *
 *       <jc>// Convert the content of the response to a bean.</jc>
 *       <jv>bean</jv> = <jv>res</jv>.getContent().as(MyBean.<jk>class</jk>);
 *    }
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>
 *    The <c>create(Object)</c> method can take in either <c>Class</c> objects or pre-instantiated beans.
 *    The latter is particularly useful for testing Spring beans.
 *
 * <p>
 *    The {@link MockRestRequest} object has convenience methods provided to allow you to set any properties
 *    directly on the underlying {@link HttpServletRequest} object.  The following example shows how
 *    this can be used to directly set roles on the request object to perform security testing.
 *
 * <h5 class='figure'>Example:</h5>
 * <p class='bjava'>
 *    <ja>@Rest</ja>(roleGuard=<js>"ADMIN"</js>)
 *    <jk>public class</jk> A {
 *       <ja>@RestGet</ja>
 *       <jk>public</jk> String get() {
 *          <jk>return</jk> <js>"OK"</js>;
 *       }
 *    }
 *
 *    <ja>@Test</ja>
 *    <jk>public void</jk> mytest() <jk>throws</jk> Exception {
 *       MockRestClient <jv>client</jv> = MockRestClient.<jsm>build</jsm>(A.<jk>class</jk>);
 *
 *       <jc>// Admin user should get 200, but anyone else should get 403-Unauthorized.</jc>
 *       <jv>client</jv>.get().roles(<js>"ADMIN"</js>).run().assertStatus().is(200);
 *       <jv>client</jv>.get().roles(<js>"USER"</js>).run().assertStatus().is(403);
 *    }
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>
 *    Debug mode is provided that will cause your HTTP requests and responses to be sent to the console:
 *
 * <h5 class='figure'>Example:</h5>
 * <p class='bjava'>
 *    MockRestClient <jv>client</jv> = MockRestClient
 *       .<jsm>create</jsm>(MyRest.<jk>class</jk>)
 *       .debug()
 *       .json5()
 *       .build();
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>
 *    The class can also be used for testing of {@link Remote @Remote}-annotated interfaces against {@link Rest @Rest}-annotated resources.
 *
 * <h5 class='figure'>Example:</h5>
 * <p class='bjava'>
 *    <jc>// Our remote resource to test.</jc>
 *    <ja>@Remote</ja>
 *    <jk>public interface</jk> MyRemoteInterface {
 *
 *       <ja>@RemoteGet</ja>(<js>"/echoQuery"</js>)
 *       <jk>public int</jk> echoQuery(<ja>@Query</ja>(name=<js>"id"</js>) <jk>int</jk> <jv>id</jv>);
 *    }
 *
 *    <jc>// Our mocked-up REST interface to test against.</jc>
 *    <ja>@Rest</ja>
 *    <jk>public class</jk> MyRest {
 *
 *       <ja>@RestGet</ja>(path=<js>"/echoQuery"</js>)
 *       <jk>public int</jk> echoQuery(<ja>@Query</ja>(<js>"id"</js>) String <jv>id</jv>) {
 *          <jk>return</jk> <jv>id</jv>;
 *       }
 *    }
 *
 *    <ja>@Test</ja>
 *    <jk>public void</jk> testProxy() {
 *       MyRemoteInterface <jv>client</jv> = MockRestClient
 *          .create(MyRest.<jk>class</jk>)
 *          .json()
 *          .build()
 *          .getRemote(MyRemoteInterface.<jk>class</jk>);
 *
 *       <jsm>assertEquals</jsm>(123, <jv>client</jv>.echoQuery(123));
 *    }
 * </p>
 *
 * <h5 class='section'>Notes:</h5><ul>
 *    <li class='note'>This class is thread safe and reusable.
 * </ul>
 *
 * <h5 class='section'>See Also:</h5><ul>
 *    <li class='link'><a class="doclink" href="https://juneau.apache.org/docs/topics/JuneauRestMockBasics">juneau-rest-mock Basics</a>
 * </ul>
 */
public class MockRestClient extends RestClient implements HttpClientConnection {
   /**
    * Builder class.
    */
   public static class Builder extends RestClient.Builder {

      Object restBean;
      String contextPath, servletPath;
      RestContext restContext;
      Map<String,String> pathVars;

      /**
       * No-arg constructor.
       *
       * <p>
       * Provided so that this class can be easily subclassed.
       */
      protected Builder() {
         connectionManager(new MockHttpClientConnectionManager());
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder accept(String value) {
         super.accept(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder acceptCharset(String value) {
         super.acceptCharset(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder addBeanTypes() {
         super.addBeanTypes();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder addInterceptorFirst(HttpRequestInterceptor itcp) {
         super.addInterceptorFirst(itcp);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder addInterceptorFirst(HttpResponseInterceptor itcp) {
         super.addInterceptorFirst(itcp);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder addInterceptorLast(HttpRequestInterceptor itcp) {
         super.addInterceptorLast(itcp);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder addInterceptorLast(HttpResponseInterceptor itcp) {
         super.addInterceptorLast(itcp);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder addRootType() {
         super.addRootType();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder annotations(Annotation...values) {
         super.annotations(values);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder apply(AnnotationWorkList work) {
         super.apply(work);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder applyAnnotations(Class<?>...from) {
         super.applyAnnotations(from);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder applyAnnotations(Object...from) {
         super.applyAnnotations(from);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder backoffManager(BackoffManager backoffManager) {
         super.backoffManager(backoffManager);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder basicAuth(String host, int port, String user, String pw) {
         super.basicAuth(host, port, user, pw);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanClassVisibility(Visibility value) {
         super.beanClassVisibility(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanConstructorVisibility(Visibility value) {
         super.beanConstructorVisibility(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanContext(BeanContext value) {
         super.beanContext(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanContext(BeanContext.Builder value) {
         super.beanContext(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanDictionary(java.lang.Class<?>...values) {
         super.beanDictionary(values);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanFieldVisibility(Visibility value) {
         super.beanFieldVisibility(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanInterceptor(Class<?> on, Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.swap.BeanInterceptor<?>> value) {
         super.beanInterceptor(on, value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanMapPutReturnsOldValue() {
         super.beanMapPutReturnsOldValue();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanMethodVisibility(Visibility value) {
         super.beanMethodVisibility(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanProperties(Class<?> beanClass, String properties) {
         super.beanProperties(beanClass, properties);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanProperties(Map<String,Object> values) {
         super.beanProperties(values);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanProperties(String beanClassName, String properties) {
         super.beanProperties(beanClassName, properties);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanPropertiesExcludes(Class<?> beanClass, String properties) {
         super.beanPropertiesExcludes(beanClass, properties);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanPropertiesExcludes(Map<String,Object> values) {
         super.beanPropertiesExcludes(values);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanPropertiesExcludes(String beanClassName, String properties) {
         super.beanPropertiesExcludes(beanClassName, properties);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanPropertiesReadOnly(Class<?> beanClass, String properties) {
         super.beanPropertiesReadOnly(beanClass, properties);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanPropertiesReadOnly(Map<String,Object> values) {
         super.beanPropertiesReadOnly(values);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanPropertiesReadOnly(String beanClassName, String properties) {
         super.beanPropertiesReadOnly(beanClassName, properties);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanPropertiesWriteOnly(Class<?> beanClass, String properties) {
         super.beanPropertiesWriteOnly(beanClass, properties);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanPropertiesWriteOnly(Map<String,Object> values) {
         super.beanPropertiesWriteOnly(values);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beanPropertiesWriteOnly(String beanClassName, String properties) {
         super.beanPropertiesWriteOnly(beanClassName, properties);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beansRequireDefaultConstructor() {
         super.beansRequireDefaultConstructor();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beansRequireSerializable() {
         super.beansRequireSerializable();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder beansRequireSettersForGetters() {
         super.beansRequireSettersForGetters();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Context.Builder */
      public MockRestClient build() {
         return build(MockRestClient.class);
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder cache(Cache<HashKey,? extends org.apache.juneau.Context> value) {
         super.cache(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder callHandler(Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.rest.client.RestCallHandler> value) {
         super.callHandler(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder clientVersion(String value) {
         super.clientVersion(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder connectionBackoffStrategy(ConnectionBackoffStrategy connectionBackoffStrategy) {
         super.connectionBackoffStrategy(connectionBackoffStrategy);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder connectionManager(HttpClientConnectionManager value) {
         super.connectionManager(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder connectionManagerShared(boolean shared) {
         super.connectionManagerShared(shared);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder connectionReuseStrategy(ConnectionReuseStrategy reuseStrategy) {
         super.connectionReuseStrategy(reuseStrategy);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder connectionTimeToLive(long connTimeToLive, TimeUnit connTimeToLiveTimeUnit) {
         super.connectionTimeToLive(connTimeToLive, connTimeToLiveTimeUnit);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder console(PrintStream value) {
         super.console(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder contentDecoderRegistry(Map<String,InputStreamFactory> contentDecoderMap) {
         super.contentDecoderRegistry(contentDecoderMap);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder contentType(String value) {
         super.contentType(value);
         return this;
      }

      /**
       * Identifies the context path for the REST resource.
       *
       * <p>
       *    This value is used to deconstruct the request URL and set the appropriate URL getters on the {@link HttpServletRequest}
       *    object correctly.
       *
       * <p>
       *    Should either be a value such as <js>"/foo"</js> or an empty string.
       *
       * <p>
       *    The following fixes are applied to non-conforming strings.
       * <ul>
       *    <li><jk>nulls</jk> and <js>"/"</js> are converted to empty strings.
       *    <li>Trailing slashes are trimmed.
       *    <li>Leading slash is added if needed.
       * </ul>
       *
       * @param value The context path.
       * @return This object.
       */
      public Builder contextPath(String value) {
         contextPath = toValidContextPath(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Context.Builder */
      public Builder copy() {
         throw new NoSuchMethodError("Not implemented.");
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Context.Builder */
      public Builder debug() {
         header("Debug", "true");
         super.debug();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder debugOutputLines(int value) {
         super.debugOutputLines(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder defaultAuthSchemeRegistry(Lookup<AuthSchemeProvider> authSchemeRegistry) {
         super.defaultAuthSchemeRegistry(authSchemeRegistry);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder defaultConnectionConfig(ConnectionConfig config) {
         super.defaultConnectionConfig(config);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder defaultCookieSpecRegistry(Lookup<CookieSpecProvider> cookieSpecRegistry) {
         super.defaultCookieSpecRegistry(cookieSpecRegistry);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder defaultCookieStore(CookieStore cookieStore) {
         super.defaultCookieStore(cookieStore);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder defaultCredentialsProvider(CredentialsProvider credentialsProvider) {
         super.defaultCredentialsProvider(credentialsProvider);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder defaultRequestConfig(RequestConfig config) {
         super.defaultRequestConfig(config);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder defaultSocketConfig(SocketConfig config) {
         super.defaultSocketConfig(config);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder detectLeaks() {
         super.detectLeaks();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder detectRecursions() {
         super.detectRecursions();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder dictionaryOn(Class<?> on, java.lang.Class<?>...values) {
         super.dictionaryOn(on, values);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder disableAuthCaching() {
         super.disableAuthCaching();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder disableAutomaticRetries() {
         super.disableAutomaticRetries();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder disableBeansRequireSomeProperties() {
         super.disableBeansRequireSomeProperties();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder disableConnectionState() {
         super.disableConnectionState();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder disableContentCompression() {
         super.disableContentCompression();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder disableCookieManagement() {
         super.disableCookieManagement();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder disableIgnoreMissingSetters() {
         super.disableIgnoreMissingSetters();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder disableIgnoreTransientFields() {
         super.disableIgnoreTransientFields();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder disableIgnoreUnknownNullBeanProperties() {
         super.disableIgnoreUnknownNullBeanProperties();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder disableInterfaceProxies() {
         super.disableInterfaceProxies();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder disableRedirectHandling() {
         super.disableRedirectHandling();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder errorCodes(Predicate<Integer> value) {
         super.errorCodes(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder evictExpiredConnections() {
         super.evictExpiredConnections();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder evictIdleConnections(long maxIdleTime, TimeUnit maxIdleTimeUnit) {
         super.evictIdleConnections(maxIdleTime, maxIdleTimeUnit);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public <T> Builder example(Class<T> pojoClass, String json) {
         super.example(pojoClass, json);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public <T> Builder example(Class<T> pojoClass, T o) {
         super.example(pojoClass, o);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder executorService(ExecutorService executorService, boolean shutdownOnClose) {
         super.executorService(executorService, shutdownOnClose);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder findFluentSetters() {
         super.findFluentSetters();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder findFluentSetters(Class<?> on) {
         super.findFluentSetters(on);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder formData(NameValuePair...parts) {
         super.formData(parts);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder formData(String name, String value) {
         super.formData(name, value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder formData(String name, Supplier<String> value) {
         super.formData(name, value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder header(String name, String value) {
         super.header(name, value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder header(String name, Supplier<String> value) {
         super.header(name, value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder headers(Header...parts) {
         super.headers(parts);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder html() {
         super.html();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder htmlDoc() {
         super.htmlDoc();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder htmlStrippedDoc() {
         super.htmlStrippedDoc();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder httpClient(CloseableHttpClient value) {
         super.httpClient(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder httpClientBuilder(HttpClientBuilder value) {
         super.httpClientBuilder(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder httpProcessor(HttpProcessor httpprocessor) {
         super.httpProcessor(httpprocessor);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder ignoreErrors() {
         super.ignoreErrors();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder ignoreInvocationExceptionsOnGetters() {
         super.ignoreInvocationExceptionsOnGetters();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder ignoreInvocationExceptionsOnSetters() {
         super.ignoreInvocationExceptionsOnSetters();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder ignoreRecursions() {
         super.ignoreRecursions();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder ignoreUnknownBeanProperties() {
         super.ignoreUnknownBeanProperties();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder ignoreUnknownEnumValues() {
         super.ignoreUnknownEnumValues();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder impl(Context value) {
         super.impl(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder implClass(Class<?> interfaceClass, Class<?> implClass) {
         super.implClass(interfaceClass, implClass);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder implClasses(Map<Class<?>,Class<?>> values) {
         super.implClasses(values);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder initialDepth(int value) {
         super.initialDepth(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder interceptors(java.lang.Class<?>...values) throws Exception {
         super.interceptors(values);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder interceptors(Object...value) {
         super.interceptors(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder interfaceClass(Class<?> on, Class<?> value) {
         super.interfaceClass(on, value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder interfaces(java.lang.Class<?>...value) {
         super.interfaces(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder json() {
         super.json();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder json5() {
         super.json5();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder keepAliveStrategy(ConnectionKeepAliveStrategy keepAliveStrategy) {
         super.keepAliveStrategy(keepAliveStrategy);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder keepHttpClientOpen() {
         super.keepHttpClientOpen();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder keepNullProperties() {
         super.keepNullProperties();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder locale(Locale value) {
         super.locale(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder logger(Logger value) {
         super.logger(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder logRequests(DetailLevel detail, Level level, BiPredicate<RestRequest,RestResponse> test) {
         super.logRequests(detail, level, test);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder logToConsole() {
         super.logToConsole();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder marshaller(Marshaller value) {
         super.marshaller(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder marshallers(Marshaller...value) {
         super.marshallers(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder maxConnPerRoute(int maxConnPerRoute) {
         super.maxConnPerRoute(maxConnPerRoute);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder maxConnTotal(int maxConnTotal) {
         super.maxConnTotal(maxConnTotal);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder maxDepth(int value) {
         super.maxDepth(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder maxIndent(int value) {
         super.maxIndent(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder mediaType(MediaType value) {
         super.mediaType(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder mediaType(String value) {
         super.mediaType(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder msgPack() {
         super.msgPack();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder notBeanClasses(java.lang.Class<?>...values) {
         super.notBeanClasses(values);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder notBeanPackages(String...values) {
         super.notBeanPackages(values);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder noTrace() {
         super.noTrace();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder oapiCollectionFormat(HttpPartCollectionFormat value) {
         super.oapiCollectionFormat(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder oapiFormat(HttpPartFormat value) {
         super.oapiFormat(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder openApi() {
         super.openApi();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder paramFormat(ParamFormat value) {
         super.paramFormat(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder paramFormatPlain() {
         super.paramFormatPlain();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder parser(Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.parser.Parser> value) {
         super.parser(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder parser(Parser value) {
         super.parser(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
      public Builder parsers(java.lang.Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.parser.Parser>...value) {
         super.parsers(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder parsers(Parser...value) {
         super.parsers(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder partParser(Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.httppart.HttpPartParser> value) {
         super.partParser(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder partParser(HttpPartParser value) {
         super.partParser(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder partSerializer(Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.httppart.HttpPartSerializer> value) {
         super.partSerializer(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder partSerializer(HttpPartSerializer value) {
         super.partSerializer(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder pathData(NameValuePair...parts) {
         super.pathData(parts);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder pathData(String name, String value) {
         super.pathData(name, value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder pathData(String name, Supplier<String> value) {
         super.pathData(name, value);
         return this;
      }

      /**
       * Add resolved path variables to this client.
       *
       * <p>
       * Allows you to add resolved parent path variables when performing tests on child resource classes.
       *
       * <h5 class='section'>Example:</h5>
       * <p class='bjava'>
       *    <jc>// A parent class with a path variable.</jc>
       *    <ja>@Rest</ja>(
       *       path=<js>"/parent/{foo}"</js>,
       *       children={
       *          Child.<jk>class</jk>
       *       }
       *    )
       *    <jk>public class</jk> Parent { ... }
       *
       *    <jc>// A child class that uses the parent path variable.</jc>
       *    <ja>@Rest</ja>
       *    <jk>public class</jk> Child {
       *
       *       <jk>@RestGet</jk>
       *       <jk>public</jk> String get(<ja>@Path</ja>(<js>"foo"</js>) String <jv>foo</jv>) {
       *          <jk>return</jk> <jv>foo</jv>;
       *       }
       *    }
       * </p>
       * <p class='bjava'>
       *    <jc>// Test the method that uses the parent path variable.</jc>
       *    MockRestClient
       *       .<jsm>create</jsm>(Child.<jk>class</jk>)
       *       .json5()
       *       .pathVars(<js>"foo"</js>,<js>"bar"</js>)
       *       .build()
       *       .get(<js>"/"</js>)
       *       .run()
       *       .assertStatus().asCode().is(200)
       *       .assertContent().is(<js>"bar"</js>);
       * </p>
       *
       * <review>Needs review</review>
       *
       * @param value The path variables.
       * @return This object.
       * @see MockServletRequest#pathVars(Map)
       */
      public Builder pathVars(Map<String,String> value) {
         pathVars = value;
         return this;
      }

      /**
       * Add resolved path variables to this client.
       *
       * <p>
       * Identical to {@link #pathVars(Map)} but allows you to specify as a list of key/value pairs.
       *
       * @param pairs The key/value pairs.  Must be an even number of parameters.
       * @return This object.
       */
      public Builder pathVars(String...pairs) {
         return pathVars(mapb(String.class, String.class).addPairs((Object[])pairs).build());
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder plainText() {
         super.plainText();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder pooled() {
         super.pooled();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder propertyNamer(Class<?> on, Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.PropertyNamer> value) {
         super.propertyNamer(on, value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder propertyNamer(Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.PropertyNamer> value) {
         super.propertyNamer(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder proxy(HttpHost proxy) {
         super.proxy(proxy);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder proxyAuthenticationStrategy(AuthenticationStrategy proxyAuthStrategy) {
         super.proxyAuthenticationStrategy(proxyAuthStrategy);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder publicSuffixMatcher(PublicSuffixMatcher publicSuffixMatcher) {
         super.publicSuffixMatcher(publicSuffixMatcher);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder queryData(NameValuePair...parts) {
         super.queryData(parts);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder queryData(String name, String value) {
         super.queryData(name, value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder queryData(String name, Supplier<String> value) {
         super.queryData(name, value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder quoteChar(char value) {
         super.quoteChar(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder redirectStrategy(RedirectStrategy redirectStrategy) {
         super.redirectStrategy(redirectStrategy);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder requestExecutor(HttpRequestExecutor requestExec) {
         super.requestExecutor(requestExec);
         return this;
      }

      /**
       * Specifies the {@link Rest}-annotated bean class or instance to test against.
       *
       * @param value The {@link Rest}-annotated bean class or instance.
       * @return This object.
       */
      public Builder restBean(Object value) {
         restBean = value;
         return this;
      }

      /**
       * Specifies the {@link RestContext} created for the REST bean.
       *
       * @param value The {@link RestContext} created for the REST bean.
       * @return This object.
       */
      public Builder restContext(RestContext value) {
         restContext = value;
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder retryHandler(HttpRequestRetryHandler retryHandler) {
         super.retryHandler(retryHandler);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder rootUrl(Object value) {
         super.rootUrl(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder routePlanner(HttpRoutePlanner routePlanner) {
         super.routePlanner(routePlanner);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder schemePortResolver(SchemePortResolver schemePortResolver) {
         super.schemePortResolver(schemePortResolver);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder serializer(Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.serializer.Serializer> value) {
         super.serializer(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder serializer(Serializer value) {
         super.serializer(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
      public Builder serializers(java.lang.Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.serializer.Serializer>...value) {
         super.serializers(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder serializers(Serializer...value) {
         super.serializers(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder serviceUnavailableRetryStrategy(ServiceUnavailableRetryStrategy serviceUnavailStrategy) {
         super.serviceUnavailableRetryStrategy(serviceUnavailStrategy);
         return this;
      }

      /**
       * Identifies the servlet path for the REST resource.
       *
       * <p>
       *    This value is used to deconstruct the request URL and set the appropriate URL getters on the {@link HttpServletRequest}
       *    object correctly.
       *
       * <p>
       *    Should either be a value such as <js>"/foo"</js> or an empty string.
       *
       * <p>
       *    The following fixes are applied to non-conforming strings.
       * <ul>
       *    <li><jk>nulls</jk> and <js>"/"</js> are converted to empty strings.
       *    <li>Trailing slashes are trimmed.
       *    <li>Leading slash is added if needed.
       * </ul>
       *
       * @param value The context path.
       * @return This object.
       */
      public Builder servletPath(String value) {
         servletPath = toValidContextPath(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder skipEmptyFormData() {
         super.skipEmptyFormData();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder skipEmptyFormData(boolean value) {
         super.skipEmptyFormData(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder skipEmptyHeaderData() {
         super.skipEmptyHeaderData();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder skipEmptyHeaderData(boolean value) {
         super.skipEmptyHeaderData(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder skipEmptyQueryData() {
         super.skipEmptyQueryData();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder skipEmptyQueryData(boolean value) {
         super.skipEmptyQueryData(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder sortCollections() {
         super.sortCollections();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder sortMaps() {
         super.sortMaps();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder sortProperties() {
         super.sortProperties();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder sortProperties(java.lang.Class<?>...on) {
         super.sortProperties(on);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder sq() {
         super.sq();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder sslContext(SSLContext sslContext) {
         super.sslContext(sslContext);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder sslHostnameVerifier(HostnameVerifier hostnameVerifier) {
         super.sslHostnameVerifier(hostnameVerifier);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder sslSocketFactory(LayeredConnectionSocketFactory sslSocketFactory) {
         super.sslSocketFactory(sslSocketFactory);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder stopClass(Class<?> on, Class<?> value) {
         super.stopClass(on, value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder strict() {
         super.strict();
         return this;
      }

      /**
       * Suppress logging on this client.
       *
       * @return This object.
       */
      public Builder suppressLogging() {
         return logRequests(DetailLevel.NONE, null, null);
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public <T,S> Builder swap(Class<T> normalClass, Class<S> swappedClass, ThrowingFunction<T,S> swapFunction) {
         super.swap(normalClass, swappedClass, swapFunction);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public <T,S> Builder swap(Class<T> normalClass, Class<S> swappedClass, ThrowingFunction<T,S> swapFunction, ThrowingFunction<S,T> unswapFunction) {
         super.swap(normalClass, swappedClass, swapFunction, unswapFunction);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder swaps(Class<?>...values) {
         super.swaps(values);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder swaps(Object...values) {
         super.swaps(values);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder targetAuthenticationStrategy(AuthenticationStrategy targetAuthStrategy) {
         super.targetAuthenticationStrategy(targetAuthStrategy);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder timeZone(TimeZone value) {
         super.timeZone(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder trimEmptyCollections() {
         super.trimEmptyCollections();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder trimEmptyMaps() {
         super.trimEmptyMaps();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder trimStringsOnRead() {
         super.trimStringsOnRead();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder trimStringsOnWrite() {
         super.trimStringsOnWrite();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder type(Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.Context> value) {
         super.type(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder typeName(Class<?> on, String value) {
         super.typeName(on, value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder typePropertyName(Class<?> on, String value) {
         super.typePropertyName(on, value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder typePropertyName(String value) {
         super.typePropertyName(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder uon() {
         super.uon();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder uriContext(UriContext value) {
         super.uriContext(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder uriRelativity(UriRelativity value) {
         super.uriRelativity(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder uriResolution(UriResolution value) {
         super.uriResolution(value);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder urlEnc() {
         super.urlEnc();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder useEnumNames() {
         super.useEnumNames();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder useJavaBeanIntrospector() {
         super.useJavaBeanIntrospector();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder userTokenHandler(UserTokenHandler userTokenHandler) {
         super.userTokenHandler(userTokenHandler);
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder useSystemProperties() {
         super.useSystemProperties();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder useWhitespace() {
         super.useWhitespace();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder ws() {
         super.ws();
         return this;
      }

      @Override /* Overridden from Builder */
      public Builder xml() {
         super.xml();
         return this;
      }
   }

   private static Map<Class<?>,RestContext> REST_CONTEXTS = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

   /**
    * Creates a new {@link RestClient} with no registered serializer or parser.
    *
    * <p>
    * Equivalent to calling:
    * <p class='bjava'>
    *    MockRestClient.<jsm>create</jsm>(<jv>impl</jv>).build();
    * </p>
    *
    * @param impl
    *    The REST bean or bean class annotated with {@link Rest @Rest}.
    *    <br>If a class, it must have a no-arg constructor.
    * @return A new builder.
    */
   public static MockRestClient build(Object impl) {
      return create(impl).build();
   }

   /**
    * Creates a new {@link RestClient} with JSON marshalling support.
    *
    * <p>
    * Equivalent to calling:
    * <p class='bjava'>
    *    MockRestClient.<jsm>create</jsm>(<jv>impl</jv>).json().build();
    * </p>
    *
    * @param impl
    *    The REST bean or bean class annotated with {@link Rest @Rest}.
    *    <br>If a class, it must have a no-arg constructor.
    * @return A new builder.
    */
   public static MockRestClient buildJson(Object impl) {
      return create(impl).json().build();
   }

   /**
    * Creates a new {@link RestClient} with Simplified-JSON marshalling support.
    *
    * <p>
    * Equivalent to calling:
    * <p class='bjava'>
    *    MockRestClient.<jsm>create</jsm>(<jv>impl</jv>).json().build();
    * </p>
    *
    * @param impl
    *    The REST bean or bean class annotated with {@link Rest @Rest}.
    *    <br>If a class, it must have a no-arg constructor.
    * @return A new builder.
    */
   public static MockRestClient buildJson5(Object impl) {
      return create(impl).json5().build();
   }

   /**
    * Creates a new {@link RestClient} with Simplified-JSON marshalling support.
    *
    * <p>
    * Same as {@link #buildJson5(Object)} but HTTP 400+ codes don't trigger {@link RestCallException RestCallExceptions}.
    *
    * <p>
    * Equivalent to calling:
    * <p class='bjava'>
    *    MockRestClient.<jsm>create</jsm>(<jv>impl</jv>).json().ignoreErrors().build();
    * </p>
    *
    * @param impl
    *    The REST bean or bean class annotated with {@link Rest @Rest}.
    *    <br>If a class, it must have a no-arg constructor.
    * @return A new builder.
    */
   public static MockRestClient buildJson5Lax(Object impl) {
      return create(impl).json5().ignoreErrors().noTrace().build();
   }

   /**
    * Creates a new {@link RestClient} with JSON marshalling support.
    *
    * <p>
    * Same as {@link #buildJson(Object)} but HTTP 400+ codes don't trigger {@link RestCallException RestCallExceptions}.
    *
    * <p>
    * Equivalent to calling:
    * <p class='bjava'>
    *    MockRestClient.<jsm>create</jsm>(<jv>impl</jv>).json().ignoreErrors().build();
    * </p>
    *
    * @param impl
    *    The REST bean or bean class annotated with {@link Rest @Rest}.
    *    <br>If a class, it must have a no-arg constructor.
    * @return A new builder.
    */
   public static MockRestClient buildJsonLax(Object impl) {
      return create(impl).json().ignoreErrors().noTrace().build();
   }

   /**
    * Creates a new {@link RestClient} with no registered serializer or parser.
    *
    * <p>
    * Same as {@link #build(Object)} but HTTP 400+ codes don't trigger {@link RestCallException RestCallExceptions}.
    *
    * <p>
    * Equivalent to calling:
    * <p class='bjava'>
    *    MockRestClient.<jsm>create</jsm>(<jv>impl</jv>).ignoreErrors().noTrace().build();
    * </p>
    *
    * @param impl
    *    The REST bean or bean class annotated with {@link Rest @Rest}.
    *    <br>If a class, it must have a no-arg constructor.
    * @return A new builder.
    */
   public static MockRestClient buildLax(Object impl) {
      return create(impl).ignoreErrors().noTrace().build();
   }

   /**
    * Creates a new {@link org.apache.juneau.rest.client.RestClient.Builder} configured with the specified REST implementation bean or bean class.
    *
    * @param impl
    *    The REST bean or bean class annotated with {@link Rest @Rest}.
    *    <br>If a class, it must have a no-arg constructor.
    * @return A new builder.
    */
   public static Builder create(Object impl) {
      return new Builder().restBean(impl);
   }

   /**
    * Creates a new {@link org.apache.juneau.rest.client.RestClient.Builder} configured with the specified REST implementation bean or bean class.
    *
    * <p>
    * Same as {@link #create(Object)} but HTTP 400+ codes don't trigger {@link RestCallException RestCallExceptions}.
    *
    * @param impl
    *    The REST bean or bean class annotated with {@link Rest @Rest}.
    *    <br>If a class, it must have a no-arg constructor.
    * @return A new builder.
    */
   public static Builder createLax(Object impl) {
      return new Builder().restBean(impl).ignoreErrors().noTrace();
   }

   private static Builder preInit(Builder builder) {
      try {
         var restBean = builder.restBean;
         var contextPath = builder.contextPath;
         var servletPath = builder.servletPath;
         var rootUrl = builder.getRootUri();
         if (rootUrl == null)
            rootUrl = "http://localhost";

         var c = restBean instanceof Class restBean2 ? (Class<?>)restBean2 : restBean.getClass();
         if (! REST_CONTEXTS.containsKey(c)) {
            var isClass = restBean instanceof Class;
            var o = isClass ? ((Class<?>)restBean).getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance() : restBean;
            // @formatter:off
            RestContext rc = RestContext
               .create(o.getClass(), null, null)
               .defaultClasses(BasicTestCallLogger.class)
               .debugDefault(CONDITIONAL)
               .init(()->o)
               .build()
               .postInit()
               .postInitChildFirst();
            // @formatter:on
            REST_CONTEXTS.put(c, rc);
         }
         var restBeanCtx = REST_CONTEXTS.get(c);
         builder.restContext(restBeanCtx);

         if (servletPath == null)
            servletPath = toValidContextPath(restBeanCtx.getFullPath());

         rootUrl = rootUrl + emptyIfNull(contextPath) + emptyIfNull(servletPath);

         builder.servletPath = servletPath;
         builder.rootUrl(rootUrl);
         return builder;
      } catch (Exception e) {
         throw new ConfigException(e, "Could not initialize MockRestClient");
      }
   }

   private final RestContext restContext;
   private final Object restObject;
   private final String contextPath, servletPath;

   private final Map<String,String> pathVars;
   private final ThreadLocal<HttpRequest> rreq = new ThreadLocal<>();
   private final ThreadLocal<MockRestResponse> rres = new ThreadLocal<>();
   private final ThreadLocal<MockServletRequest> sreq = new ThreadLocal<>();

   private final ThreadLocal<MockServletResponse> sres = new ThreadLocal<>();

   /**
    * Constructor.
    *
    * @param builder
    *    The builder for this object.
    */
   public MockRestClient(Builder builder) {
      super(preInit(builder));
      restContext = builder.restContext;
      contextPath = nn(builder.contextPath) ? builder.contextPath : "";
      servletPath = nn(builder.servletPath) ? builder.servletPath : "";
      pathVars = nn(builder.pathVars) ? builder.pathVars : emptyMap();
      restObject = restContext.getResource();

      HttpClientConnectionManager ccm = getHttpClientConnectionManager();
      if (ccm instanceof MockHttpClientConnectionManager ccm2)
         ccm2.init(this);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest callback(String callString) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.callback(callString);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from HttpClientConnection */
   public void close() throws IOException {
      // Don't call super.close() because it will close the client.
      rreq.remove();
      rres.remove();
      sreq.remove();
      sres.remove();
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest delete(Object url) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.delete(url);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from HttpClientConnection */
   public void flush() throws IOException {}

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest formPost(Object url) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.formPost(url);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest formPost(Object url, Object body) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.formPost(url, body);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest formPostPairs(Object url, String...parameters) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.formPostPairs(url, parameters);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest get() throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.get();
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest get(Object url) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.get(url);
   }

   /**
    * Returns the current client-side REST request.
    *
    * <p>
    * Note that this uses a {@link ThreadLocal} object for storage and so will not work on requests executed in
    * separate threads such as when using {@link Future Futures}.
    *
    * @return The current client-side REST request, or <jk>null</jk> if not set.
    */
   public HttpRequest getCurrentClientRequest() { return rreq.get(); }

   /**
    * Returns the current client-side REST response.
    *
    * <p>
    * Note that this uses a {@link ThreadLocal} object for storage and so will not work on requests executed in
    * separate threads such as when using {@link Future Futures}.
    *
    * @return The current client-side REST response, or <jk>null</jk> if not set.
    */
   public MockRestResponse getCurrentClientResponse() { return rres.get(); }

   /**
    * Returns the current server-side REST request.
    *
    * <p>
    * Note that this uses a {@link ThreadLocal} object for storage and so will not work on requests executed in
    * separate threads such as when using {@link Future Futures}.
    *
    * @return The current server-side REST request, or <jk>null</jk> if not set.
    */
   public MockServletRequest getCurrentServerRequest() { return sreq.get(); }

   /**
    * Returns the current server-side REST response.
    *
    * <p>
    * Note that this uses a {@link ThreadLocal} object for storage and so will not work on requests executed in
    * separate threads such as when using {@link Future Futures}.
    *
    * @return The current server-side REST response, or <jk>null</jk> if not set.
    */
   public MockServletResponse getCurrentServerResponse() { return sres.get(); }

   @Override /* Overridden from HttpClientConnection */
   public HttpConnectionMetrics getMetrics() { return null; }

   @Override /* Overridden from HttpClientConnection */
   public int getSocketTimeout() { return Integer.MAX_VALUE; }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest head(Object url) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.head(url);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from HttpClientConnection */
   public boolean isOpen() { return true; }

   @Override /* Overridden from HttpClientConnection */
   public boolean isResponseAvailable(int timeout) throws IOException {
      return true;
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from HttpClientConnection */
   public boolean isStale() { return false; }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest options(Object url) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.options(url);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest patch(Object url) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.patch(url);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest patch(Object url, Object body) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.patch(url, body);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest patch(Object url, String body, ContentType contentType) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.patch(url, body, contentType);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest post(Object url) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.post(url);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest post(Object url, Object body) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.post(url, body);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest post(Object url, String body, ContentType contentType) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.post(url, body, contentType);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest put(Object url) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.put(url);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest put(Object url, Object body) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.put(url, body);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest put(Object url, String body, ContentType contentType) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.put(url, body, contentType);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from HttpClientConnection */
   public void receiveResponseEntity(HttpResponse response) throws HttpException, IOException {
      InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(sres.get().getContent());
      var contentEncoding = response.getLastHeader("Content-Encoding");
      if (nn(contentEncoding) && contentEncoding.getValue().equalsIgnoreCase("gzip"))
         is = new GZIPInputStream(is);
      response.setEntity(new InputStreamEntity(is));
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from HttpClientConnection */
   public HttpResponse receiveResponseHeader() throws HttpException, IOException {
      try {
         var res = MockServletResponse.create();
         restContext.execute(restObject, sreq.get(), res);

         // If the status isn't set, something's broken.
         if (res.getStatus() == 0)
            throw new IllegalStateException("Response status was 0.");

         // A bug in HttpClient causes an infinite loop if the response is less than 200.
         // As a workaround, just add 1000 to the status code (which is better than an infinite loop).
         if (res.getStatus() < 200)
            res.setStatus(1000 + res.getStatus());

         sres.set(res);

         var response = new BasicHttpResponse(new BasicStatusLine(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, res.getStatus(), res.getMessage()));
         res.getHeaders().forEach((k, v) -> {
            for (var hv : v)
               response.addHeader(k, hv);
         });

         return response;
      } catch (Exception e) {
         throw new HttpException(emptyIfNull(e.getMessage()), e);
      }
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest request(RestOperation op) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.request(op);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest request(String method, Object url) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.request(method, url);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest request(String method, Object url, boolean hasBody) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.request(method, url, hasBody);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   public MockRestRequest request(String method, Object url, Object body) throws RestCallException {
      return (MockRestRequest)super.request(method, url, body);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from HttpClientConnection */
   public void sendRequestEntity(HttpEntityEnclosingRequest request) throws HttpException, IOException {
      byte[] body = {};
      var entity = request.getEntity();
      if (nn(entity)) {
         var length = entity.getContentLength();
         if (length < 0)
            length = 1024;
         var baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream((int)Math.min(length, 1024));
         entity.writeTo(baos);
         baos.flush();
         body = baos.toByteArray();
      }
      sreq.get().content(body);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from HttpClientConnection */
   public void sendRequestHeader(HttpRequest request) throws HttpException, IOException {
      try {
         var rl = request.getRequestLine();
         var path = rl.getUri();
         var target = findTarget(request);

         var req = findRestRequest(request);
         rreq.set(req);
         rres.remove();
         sreq.remove();
         sres.remove();

         path = target + path;

         var pr = new MockPathResolver(target, contextPath, servletPath, path, null);
         if (nn(pr.getError()))
            throw new IllegalStateException(pr.getError());

         var r = MockServletRequest.create(request.getRequestLine().getMethod(), pr.getURI()).contextPath(pr.getContextPath()).servletPath(pr.getServletPath()).pathVars(pathVars).debug(isDebug());

         for (var h : request.getAllHeaders())
            r.header(h.getName(), h.getValue());

         sreq.set(r);
         sreq.get().applyOverrides(req);
      } catch (Exception e) {
         throw new HttpException(e.getMessage(), e);
      }
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from HttpClientConnection */
   public void setSocketTimeout(int timeout) {}

   @Override /* Overridden from HttpClientConnection */
   public void shutdown() throws IOException {}

   /**
    * Attempts to unwrap the request to find the underlying RestRequest object.
    * Returns the same object if one of the low-level client methods are used (e.g. execute(HttpUriRequest)).
    */
   private HttpRequest findRestRequest(HttpRequest req) {
      if (req instanceof RestRequestCreated req2)
         return req2.getRestRequest();
      if (req instanceof HttpRequestWrapper req3)
         return findRestRequest(req3.getOriginal());
      return req;
   }

   private static String findTarget(HttpRequest req) {
      if (req instanceof HttpRequestWrapper req2) {
         var httpHost = req2.getTarget();
         if (nn(httpHost))
            return httpHost.toURI();
      }
      return "http://localhost";
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   protected MockRestRequest createRequest(URI uri, String method, boolean hasBody) throws RestCallException {
      return new MockRestRequest(this, uri, method, hasBody);
   }

   @Override /* Overridden from RestClient */
   protected MockRestResponse createResponse(RestRequest req, HttpResponse httpResponse, Parser parser) throws RestCallException {
      return new MockRestResponse(this, req, httpResponse, parser);
   }

   MockRestClient currentResponse(MockRestResponse value) {
      rres.set(value);
      return this;
   }
}